Police were called to Goldborough Road in Broad Town when boys were seen removing cat's eyes.
The two boys, thought to be aged about 13, took 20 cat's eyes from the road near Goldborough House Kennels and Cattery on Sunday morning.
Anyone with any information is asked to call Wootton Bassett police on 0845 408 7000 or Crimestoppers on 0800 555 111.
Sergeant Martin Alvis said: “These two boys were putting their lives at risk, as well as the lives of motorists.”
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